Pyramidal Horn Antenna is an aperture radiating antenna fed by a rectangular waveguide, which flares uniformly outward in both the E-plane and H-plane simultaneously, forming a quadrangular pyramid shape as a whole.
Structure
The pyramidal horn antenna is fed by the TE10 mode of a rectangular waveguide, which excites the flared metallic pyramidal horn to produce radiation. It features a pyramid-like structure with the rectangular waveguide port as the apex, and its internal cross-section remains rectangular down to the antenna aperture.
Working Principle
Through the tapered pyramidal structure, the TE10 mode propagating in the waveguide transitions smoothly to the TEM mode in free space, thereby improving matching performance and reducing reflected waves. Its working principle is analogous to that of a megaphone used in acoustics. With the addition of the pyramidal flare, the antenna gain is significantly increased, the beam becomes much sharper, and the directivity is greatly enhanced.
